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Selasa, 05 Juni 2012

Toyota Yaris Hybrid

The new Toyota Yaris Hybrid is the first full hybrid vehicle to go on sale in the European B-segment. The Yaris model range flagship, it represents a new and unique offer in Europe's highest sales volume segment, and will bring the benefits of full hybrid technology to a wider range of customers than ever before.
The Yaris is Toyota's best-selling core model in Europe, with more than 2.5 million units sold. It is the only B-segment car to offer customers the choice of 3 different powertrain types - full hybrid, diesel or petrol.
Combining the ingenious packaging and urban agility of the Yaris model range with the unique driving experience and efficiency of Toyota's Hybrid Synergy Drive® (HSD), the Toyota Yaris Hybrid is a new major step in the company's full hybrid European roll-out strategy.
With low fuel consumption, low environmental impact, strong acceleration, great manoeuvrability and unique EV capabilities, it represents the ultimate urban car.
The new powertrain has been optimised for installation within the vehicle's compact, extremely efficient packaging design, without detriment to either system quality and performance, or passenger accommodation and loadspace. The downsized hybrid system combines a substantially re-engineered 1.5 litre petrol engine with a lighter, more compact electric motor, transaxle, inverter and battery pack.
The highly efficient powertrain offers the best balance of performance and fuel consumption/CO2 emissions in the B segment. It delivers an average fuel consumption of just 3.5 l/100 km and segment-best
With segment-best fuel consumption of 3.1 l/100 km in the urban cycle, the Toyota Yaris Hybrid represents the ideal urban mobility choice at a time when fuel prices are reaching peak levels. Internal test data show that a high proportion of journey time and distance can be undertaken with the engine off, representing significant benefits in fuel consumption.
Expected to represent 20% of all Yaris model sales in Europe, the Toyota Yaris Hybrid is not a niche model. Rather, it represents a new, unique alternative for demanding urban drivers who expect a new driving and ownership experience from their car.
The Toyota Yaris Hybrid combines the tangible benefits of advanced technology, low emissions and unbeatable cost of ownership with a new, uniquely relaxed and quiet driving style. Its HSD system proves that driving pleasure needs not to be compromised by environmental responsibility and low running costs, and it shares the traditionally high residual values of all Toyota Hybrids.
With Toyota Motor Manufacturing UK (TMUK) already assembling Toyota full hybrid vehicles, the start of Yaris Hybrid production at Toyota Motor Manufacturing France (TMMF) makes Toyota the only manufacturer to have two full hybrid technology production facilities in Europe, reinforcing the company's commitment to local, advanced technology manufacturing in Europe.
Following the launch of the Auris Hybrid, the Yaris Hybrid is Toyota's second core model to feature HSD technology. From 2012, the Toyota hybrid range will feature five models: the Yaris Hybrid, the Auris Hybrid, the Prius, the Prius+ and the Prius Plug-in Hybrid.
A more aspirational design for the most efficient package in the segment
At its original launch, the Yaris quickly became nicknamed "Piccolo Genio" (Little Genius). This is a testament to a car which has been developed over successive generations in accordance with the key concept of "compact outside whilst roomy inside", consistently setting new standards in packaging ingenuity.
The Toyota Yaris Hybrid inherits all the clever DNA of the standard, third generation model, offering B segment customers an ingenious combination of small, compact packaging and a spacious, practical interior.
The Toyota Yaris Hybrid differentiates itself from the other Yaris derivatives with an exclusive, aerodynamically efficient exterior design which instantly identifies it as the flagship of the Yaris model range.
It combines a new, more aggressive, Under Priority frontal design element - the distinctive new Toyota face design execution, with a Keen Look detailing reinforced by hybrid-specific LED lights.
Flanked by aerodynamically efficient front aero corner treatments, the strong centre section of the lower bumper houses a larger, trapezoidal lower grille optimising engine bay cooling whilst emphasise the new hybrid's ground-hugging stance and low centre of gravity.
A slimmer upper grille, elegantly sculpted to highlight the hybrid-blue Toyota badge, is flanked by slim, Keen Look headlights which emphasise the new hybrid's bold, horizontal front styling. Exclusive to the Toyota Yaris Hybrid, the projector-type headlamp unit features standard chrome-plated 'eyebrows' lipped with an LED 'lightguide', and LED Daytime Running Lights (DRL).
In profile, identified by hybrid badging and exclusive wheel designs, the new hybrid shares the stylish, cab-forward silhouette and long wheelbase profile of the standard Yaris. The exterior overall length is only 20 mm longer than the standard Yaris.
To the rear, the hybrid-blue badged tailgate incorporates a new, LED-type high mounted stop light, and clear lens combination lights incorporate a LED tail and stop lamp signature unique to the new Yaris Hybrid.
The Toyota Yaris Hybrid is available with a choice of unique 15" and 16" aerodynamic wheels, and a range of eight body colours including a model-specific new Pearl White finish execution.
Toyota pioneered this Pearl White finish, which has required the introduction of a bespoke production process at the TMMF plant where the new hybrid is built. Reinforcing the Toyota Yaris Hybrid's uniquely stylish and environmentally-conscientious design credentials, the new colour delivers a cool, high quality image (particularly in sunlight) when the soft, silken lustre of pearl is at its strongest.
On board, Toyota Yaris Hybrid customers benefit from a driver-focused cockpit with hybrid-exclusive details and trim finishes.
Silver ring-trimmed three dimensional instrument dials incorporate a hybrid system indicator and feature a combination of white and blue backlighting. The centre console-mounted Toyota Touch system incorporates a hybrid energy monitor illuminated in blue as well as the dual zone air-conditioning.
The dashboard soft-touch pads and front door trims are finished in an exclusive, Ice Grey colour, and blue stitching trims the leather upholstery, steering wheel and hand brake. A unique gear lever to the hybrid derivative comes standard with blue finish on the gear knob.
Downsized full hybrid powertrain for fuel and space efficiency
The new Yaris Hybrid introduces the first downsizing of Toyota's proven Hybrid Synergy Drive® (HSD) technology. It represents a significant engineering breakthrough in the packaging of the full hybrid powertrain.
The new powertrain has been optimised for installation within the vehicle's compact, extremely efficient packaging design, without detriment to either system quality and performance, or passenger accommodation and load space.
Every key HSD component has been reduced in size and weight, and both the fuel tank and battery are installed under the rear seat. As a result, the Toyota Yaris Hybrid maintains identical occupant space and the same 286 litre luggage capacity as that of the standard model.
The downsized full hybrid system combines a 1.5 litre petrol engine unit with a lighter, more compact electric motor, transaxle, inverter and battery pack. The total system weight is 201 kg, 20% (42 kg) less than that of an Auris Hybrid.
Compact, Lower Displacement Petrol Engine
The 1,497 cc, 16 valve, DOHC Atkinson Cycle petrol engine with VVT-i is based on the engine block of the second generation Prius, but has been completely re-engineered. It is 50 mm shorter and 17 kg lighter than the 1.8 litre unit of existing Toyota full hybrid powertrains, equating to a 10% reduction in length and a 17% reduction in weight.
The new engine generates a maximum 55 kW/74 DIN hp at 4,800 rpm and maximum torque of 111 Nm from 3,600 to 4,400 rpm. With a focus on lower emissions and the minimisation of mechanical friction for improved fuel efficiency, some 70% of all engine components are either new or redesigned.
Overall, the thermal efficiency of the Toyota Yaris Hybrid petrol engine has been improved by 6% over that of the second generation Prius, contributing to improvements in both fuel efficiency and environmental performance.
Newly adopted engine technologies include a cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system, an electric water pump, the elimination of the auxiliary drive belt, a low-friction timing chain, a lightweight, resin-based intake manifold and a compact exhaust manifold.
When used in combined with a cooled EGR system, the Atkinson cycle engine offers significant gains in fuel efficiency and the reduction of emissions.
In the Atkinson cycle, compression and expansion are asymmetrical, and the inlet valves close late, delaying compression. This creates a high expansion ratio for less compression, converting combustion energy to engine power more effectively. As a result, the exhaust temperature is lower than that of conventional engines. The cooled EGR system reintroduces cooled exhaust gas into the intake system, further reducing engine operating temperatures.
Allied to a small, lightweight, multi-function radiator, the adoption of an electric water pump both enhances engine warm-up performance and reduces cooling friction loss, improving fuel efficiency. The elimination of a mechanical pump drive belt reduces friction, further improving fuel economy.
A new, more compact, hybrid-exclusive resin-based intake manifold combines light weight with improved quietness through the reduction of both vibration and noise. And the use of highly efficient, 12-hole atomizing fuel injectors reduces both fuel consumption and emissions.
The exhaust system features a new, low heat capacity, maniverter-type exhaust manifold. By positioning the catalytic converter much closer to the engine exhaust port, it decreases the catalyser warm-up time by 24% and contributes to a marked improvement in emissions during shorter journeys.
Downsized Hybrid Transaxle
Housing the electric motor, generator, power split device and double-motor reduction mechanism in one lightweight, highly compact transmission casing directly comparable in size to that of a conventional gearbox, a new transaxle lies at the heart of the Hybrid Synergy Drive® system.
The use of a smaller E-CVT electric continuously variable transmission and a more compact electric motor effects a 6% reduction in the length of the Toyota Yaris Hybrid's hybrid transaxle and an 11 kg weight saving over that of the Auris Hybrid, creating the most compact hybrid transmission yet engineered by Toyota.
Generating an immediate maximum of 45 kW and 169 Nm torque during acceleration, the new electric motor has been made smaller and lighter through the optimisation of the magnet material, and the winding of the coils with flat, rather than round, wire. The motor cooling structure has also been improved, allowing for a smaller, yet more efficient and powerful motor.
The transaxle now incorporates a multifunctional motor reduction gear within the power division mechanism, and a new gear deceleration mechanism abolishes the use of chains.
Gear tooth grinding and shaving technology similar to that used on the Auris Hybrid effects a notable reduction in transmission noise and vibration. This is further lowered by the adoption of a newly designed torsional vibration damper. Its smaller diameter made possible by the use of a three spring structure. The new, lightweight damper helps suppress the transmission of engine vibrations to a minimum level.
The optimisation of lubrication both improves transaxle efficiency and minimises energy losses. A new lubrication mechanism is adopted, in which each gear and bearing is lubricated by combing up the Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF) with the rotation of the final driven gear and counter driven gear, reducing driving force losses.
The use of a split construction oil catch tank which supplies oil for both the motor/generator and gear lubrication lowers the dynamic oil level, reducing agitation losses.
More Compact Hybrid Battery
The new, downsized full hybrid powertrain also features a smaller, 144 V nickel-metal hydride battery with a more efficient vehicle electric power management system.
The number of cells has been reduced from the 168 of the current, Auris Hybrid battery to only 120, composed of 20 modules connected in series. This effects a decrease in volume of 20% and a weight saving of 11 kg, allowing for the installation of the new battery entirely under the rear passenger seats, with no intrusion into the cargo loadspace.
In addition to this reduction in size and weight, battery charging efficiency has been improved, and the pack state-of-charge recovery time has been decreased by 67% compared to that of the Auris Hybrid.
New Power Control Unit with Smaller Inverter and Converter
Due to a reduction in hybrid system current and voltage, the system's Power Control Unit has also been made smaller and lighter through the development of a more compact inverter and switching unit.
Smaller and lighter than that fitted to the Auris Hybrid, the new inverter features a newly structured capacitor, reduced energy losses and improved cooling, enhancing fuel efficiency.
By optimising the layout of internal components, the size and weight of the DC-DC converter have also been reduced. And the composition of the noise filter has been revised to enhance unit quietness.
Compared to the Auris Hybrid, unit output current has been reduced from 120 to 80 A and output voltage lowered from 650 to 520 V, saving system energy with no loss of performance or efficiency.
Hybrid System Performance
Combining the power of a 55 kW petrol engine and battery powering the electrical motor, the Toyota Yaris Hybrid's highly efficient powertrain generates a maximum 74 kW/100 DIN hp system output. It offers the best balance of performance and fuel consumption/CO2 emissions in the B segment.
The Toyota Yaris Hybrid will accelerate seamlessly from 0-100 km/h in 11.8 seconds, and on to a maximum speed of 165 km/h. Conversely, it delivers an average fuel consumption of just 3.5 l/100 km and segment-best CO2 emissions of only 79 g/km, whilst allowing customers frequent driving in modes that emit zero NOx, PM or CO2 emissions. Its exceptional fuel efficiency gives the Yaris Hybrid a driving range of 1,000 km on a single tank of fuel.
Hybrid Synergy Drive in Operation
Over the course of any journey, Toyota's Hybrid Synergy Drive® system operates in several different modes to maximise the Toyota Yaris Hybrid's' overall efficiency. At rest, the engine stops automatically to save fuel. Under operating conditions of low engine efficiency such as start up and low to mid-range speeds, the vehicle runs on the electric motor alone, thus eradicating CO2, NOx and PM emissions.
Under normal driving conditions, power allocation is constantly adjusted between engine and electric motor to combine optimum performance with maximum fuel efficiency.
Via an Electronically Controlled Braking system, the electric motor acts as a high-output generator during deceleration and under braking to effect regenerative braking, optimising energy management in the Hybrid Synergy Drive® system by recovering kinetic energy (normally wasted as heat under braking and deceleration) as electrical energy for storage in the high performance battery.
Well balanced dynamics, ideal for city driving
Building on the inherently quiet, smooth power delivery of Toyota's Hybrid Synergy Drive®, the fundamental elements of intrinsic driving pleasure - such as acceleration/braking feel, balance and agility - have been thoroughly refined without any compromise in the new Yaris Hybrid.
Toyota's engineers have undertaken exhaustive testing to ensure the new Toyota Yaris Hybrid's dynamic abilities will meet customer expectations at all vehicle speeds and in all driving scenarios.
Full Hybrid in operation
Recent real world tests with Toyota's Hybrid Synergy Drive powertrain reveal that the Yaris Hybrid zero emissions driving accounts for around 66% of the average commuter journey length and around 58% of the total journey time, with the petrol engine being switched off.
The electric motor's ability to deliver maximum torque from the vehicle acceleration start provides significant benefits during the stop/start driving of urban traffic conditions, combining brisk acceleration from a standstill in near silence with class-leading acceleration under full throttle of 0-50 km/h in only 4 seconds.
The new Toyota Yaris Hybrid's seamless, E-CVT electric continuously variable transmission benefits from a new control system to create a more progressive engine rpm increase during vehicle acceleration. Optimised at 70-90% throttle opening, the new system suppresses excessive increases in engine rpm under acceleration, offering drivers a more natural-feeling, linear relationship between vehicle and engine speeds.
Supplementing this enhanced E-CVT transmission, two alternative 'on-demand' drive modes may be selected to further increase driving efficiency, performance and fuel economy.
From start-up and at speeds up to 50 km/h the new Yaris Hybrid automatically operates in EV mode, driving under electric motor power alone. The driver may also select EV mode manually. This unique driving mode is only available to drivers of full hybrid vehicles.



With vehicle range dictated by battery charge, the EV drive mode allows for urban driving with minimal noise and zero CO2, NOx and PM emissions for up to two kilometres. Because the petrol engine is switched off throughout its operation, the EV drive mode contributes to a significant reduction in the Toyota Yaris Hybrid's overall fuel consumption.
In ECO mode, throttle response to aggressive accelerator pedal inputs is reduced and air-conditioning control optimized for improved fuel economy. Depending on driving conditions, the ECO mode can help drivers achieve about 10% reduction in fuel consumption versus the normal mode.
Optimum Weight Distribution for Balanced Driveability
The extensive use of high-tensile steel within the new Yaris Hybrid's construction not only saves weight, but also offers greater bodyshell rigidity for handling stability. Some 50% by weight of the body is formed in high-tensile steel, allowing for weight reduction with no loss of torsional stiffness.
With an unchanged 2,510 mm length wheelbase, the front overhang has been increased by just 20 mm to accommodate the downsized full hybrid powertrain. With both the fuel tank and the new, more compact hybrid battery located well within the vehicle wheelbase and as low as possible, the new Toyota Yaris Hybrid combines a particularly low, 550 mm centre of gravity with 63:37 front/rear weight distribution to deliver well-balanced driveability.
Enhanced Aerodynamics for Class-leading Drag Coefficient
Aerodynamic efficiency is fundamental to fuel efficiency, vehicle stability and quiet running, and every element of the new Yaris Hybrid's bodywork has been styled to optimise airflow and minimise drag.
Sized to optimise hybrid powertrain cooling, both upper and lower front grilles have been carefully shaped to both smooth and minimise the intake of air into the engine bay.
The profiles of the front bumper aero corners, bonnet, steeply raked A pillar, door mirrors, roofline, rear spoiler, rear bumper aero corners, the rear combination lamps and even the wheels have all been designed to maximise the Toyota Yaris Hybrid's aerodynamic efficiency.
In addition, numerous underbody airflow rectification components have been adopted to create a flat surface, smoothing the flow of air under the new Yaris Hybrid. These include a front spoiler, a large engine undercover, and front, centre and rear spats. A rear undercover incorporates vertical fins which create a laminar flow effect to enhance ride stability.
As a result, Toyota's new full hybrid boasts a class-leading drag coefficient of just Cd 0.286.
Agile Handling and Responsive Steering
The new Yaris Hybrid shares the standard Yaris' proven combination of MacPherson strut front and torsion beam rear suspension. Modifications to both spring and damper rates are optimised based on the new full hybrid's weight distribution.
The independent, MacPherson strut front suspension shares the mass and vibration reduction measures introduced on the standard Yaris, optimising the system's road tracking performance and minimising vibration whilst delivering appropriate ride comfort, driving safety, agility and grip.
The rear torsion beam suspension also benefits from the mass reduction measures and system enhancements introduced on the standard Yaris, once again reducing vibration and enhancing ride comfort, while improving vehicle agility.
The Toyota Yaris Hybrid features a quick steering gear ratio of 56 mm/rev to deliver a better steering feel and vehicle response. The bearing rigidity of the rack and pinion gearing reduces friction and system play, further enhancing accuracy and feel. The vehicle has a class-leading turning circle of only 4.7, allowing for great manoeuvrability in congested city streets or whilst parking.
Powerful Regenerative Braking and Low Rolling Resistance Tyres
Incorporating Electronic Brakeforce distribution (EBD) and Brake Assist, Traction Control (TRC) and Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), the new Yaris Hybrid is equipped with an Electronically Controlled Braking (ECB) system which coordinates the control of both hydraulic and regenerative braking.
The new full hybrid is fitted with ventilated disc brakes to the front and solid, discs to the rear for powerful, progressive and well balanced braking efficiency.
Coordinated control of the hydraulic and regenerative braking systems maximises the regeneration of energy by the electric motor during deceleration and under braking.
Fuel efficient tyres offer ultra-low rolling resistance and enough levels of grip, while their reduced vertical stiffness further improves ride comfort.
An unbeatable value proposition in the B-segment
Its segment-first, full hybrid technology offers Toyota Yaris Hybrid customers outstanding value for money through an unparalleled combination of competitive price, low maintenance and running costs, and high residual values.
The Yaris Hybrid is competitively priced in the segment, comparing particularly favourably against diesel powered vehicles. However, customer convenience is not compromised, with features such as dual auto-air-conditioning, automatic transmission, full electric drive and stop and start fitted as standard across the model range.
Best-in-class CO2 emissions of 79 gr/km combined with superior fuel efficiency offer customers exceptionally low running costs and, in many countries, significant tax incentives or benefits.
The Toyota full hybrid consumes only 3.5 l/100 km over the European homologation combined cycle, allowing customers to drive up to 1,000 km on a single tank of fuel. At just 3.1 l/100 km, the urban cycle homologation fuel consumption is the lowest in the segment, contributing to further city driving fuel savings.
The Hybrid Synergy Drive® system has been specifically designed for low maintenance and outstanding durability. The powertrain has been designed with no requirement for the clutch, starter motor, alternator belt and timing belt traditionally used in other vehicles. With no need to either service or replace these parts, customers can realise a saving of around 1,5001 Euro over 100,000 km.
And, thanks to the efficiency of the Toyota Yaris Hybrid's Electronically Controlled Braking system (ECB), the brake pads life expectancy can reach 100,000 km.
Combining this component longevity with reduced labour times during servicing, Yaris Hybrid maintenance costs over 100,000 km are expected to be amongst the lowest in the B segment, realising an additional saving of around 1,000 Euro.
Rigorously assessed for performance and durability, and backed up by over 14 years of in-service experience, the full hybrid battery is designed to last the entire life of the car.
The new Yaris Hybrid benefits from a three year/100,000 km warranty, extended to five years/100,000 km on hybrid system components. Warranty data from the Prius and Auris Hybrid has already confirmed the outstanding reliability of the Hybrid Synergy Drive® powertrain.
Hybrid reliability has also been confirmed by the Prius' consistent high ranking in both the JD Power 'Lowest Problems' survey and the TüV quality report.
Initial residual value forecasts for a 3-year period and 60,000 km already award the Toyota Yaris Hybrid best-in-class status in Germany (51%) and UK (41%). With both Prius and the Auris Hybrid also rating highly in their respective classes, this reinforces the high levels of confidence customers place in Toyota full hybrid powered vehicles.
Environmental performance without compromise on comfort or convenience
Priced to be strongly competitive against rival B segment diesel vehicles, the new Yaris Hybrid will be available in a choice of two grades - Active and Style.
The new Toyota Yaris Hybrid range offers customers outstanding value for money, even without the low-CO2 incentives and tax benefits that are available in many markets. It combines an extremely generous standard equipment specification with the added value of Toyota's unique, full hybrid powertrain driving experience.
The Active grade is fitted, as standard, with a smooth E-CVT transmission ideal for the urban environment. An all-electric EV driving mode, a Stop and Start system and a Hill Hold Assist function further reinforce the ease, simplicity and relaxation of the full hybrid powertrain driving style.
Steering wheel-mounted audio and Bluetooth switchgear, front power windows, LED Daytime Running Lights (DRL), driver's seat height adjustment, hybrid-blue stitching to the upholstery, dual zone automatic air conditioning and the Toyota Touch on-board multimedia system are also fitted as standard from the Active grade.
Toyota Touch is a 6.1 inch, full colour, touch screen interface which represents an affordable approach to on-board multimedia systems. It incorporates an AM/FM radio, a CD/MP3 player, Bluetooth mobile phone connectivity with a music streaming facility and automatic phonebook synchronisation at each connection.
A USB port allows for the connection of portable music players, with the facility to display iTunes album cover art. In addition, the system incorporates a rear view camera. The image is displayed on the full-colour screen when reverse gear is engaged, to assist with parking manoeuvres.
Specific to the Yaris Hybrid, Toyota Touch also incorporates a Hybrid Energy Monitor which displays the real-time energy flow within the Hybrid Synergy Drive system. Vehicle information displays include remaining fuel range, instant fuel consumption, average fuel consumption per minute over the last 15 minutes and time elapsed since last engine start. The system is available in seven languages - French, English, German, Italian, Spanish, Dutch and Russian.
To the comprehensive standard equipment of the Active grade, the Style grade adds front fog lamps with chrome ring surrounds, smart entry with push start, front armrest and 16'' alloy wheels.
Optional equipment for both Active and Style grades includes privacy glass, an 8-speaker premium sound system, cruise control and a full length panoramic sunroof.
The Toyota Yaris Hybrid is equipped, as standard, with seven airbags, an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD), Corner Stability Control, (CSC), Brake Assist (BA), Traction Control (TRC) and Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), offering customers the highest levels of safety. In 2011, the Yaris was awarded the maximum 5-star Euro NCAP rating.
Toyota Touch & Go
Building on Toyota Touch, Toyota Touch & Go equips the new Yaris Hybrid with the best value for money navigation system on the market.
The system includes all the most popular navigation functions, such as advanced traffic coverage, customisable speed limits, speed camera warnings and motorway signposting. It not only offers drivers a choice of the fastest or shortest route to their destination, but also the one with the smallest environmental impact - an 'Ecological' route option.
Using a compatible mobile phone, via Bluetooth, the system offers on-board connectivity to a Google Local Search function -the largest and most up-to-date search database in the world. Via Google Maps, destinations may be input remotely from home or office, and Points of Interest may be downloaded for entry as destinations.
The installation of Touch & Go also upgrades the multimedia base unit with the addition of an SMS on-screen send/receive function incorporating a contact person image display, and a USB-based photo viewing function.
Several Touch & Go Apps are available for download such as Park &Go, fuel price information, weather details and parking space information.
TMMF manufactures the only full hybrid in the B-segment
Originally conceived as a highly compact plant -with limited parts stock and an optimised production line layout contributing to a notably streamlined manufacturing process- Toyota Motor Manufacturing France (TMMF) has been building the Yaris for over a decade.
The Yaris has already established a reputation for outstanding levels of Quality, Durability and Reliability. With the addition of further derivatives including the new Toyota Yaris Hybrid, TMMF remains committed to delivering vehicles with the highest levels of built-in quality in the B-segment.
Yaris Hybrid manufacturing has introduced further complexity and new challenges to the assembly process, and increased the range of Yaris models produced on the same line to a record high of 62 varieties at TMMF.
On average, each Yaris requires the assembly of over 2,600 parts, with around 80% of total parts common to the standard Yaris and the Yaris Hybrid. However, there are 400 new, hybrid-specific components, and 40% of all assembly processes for the Toyota Yaris Hybrid are either new, or required adaptation. Because of the plant's very compact size, stock management has had to be further optimised, and sequenced delivery organised for a larger number of parts.
Over 4,000 hours of Yaris Hybrid assembly training was provided to TMMF members, with a focus on three key areas: assembly techniques for new on-line parts, part variety recognition amongst components of a similar kind, and the meeting of key quality targets. Specific attention was paid to the inverter assembly, this component being highly sensitive to dust and body intrusion.
Specific safety training in how to handle high voltage parts was provided to some 50 plant members, and new safety procedures resultant from the silent running of vehicles in EV drive mode established. In addition, a new, hybrid-specific, high quality pearl white paint finish was introduced at TMMF for the first time.
Despite these changes, and additional logistic complexities such as sequencing delivery of a higher number of parts, the continuous Kaizen and production line streamlining inherent in the principles of the Toyota Production System have meant that, overall, the Toyota Yaris Hybrid takes not much longer to produce than the standard Yaris.
Befitting the Yaris Hybrid's environmental credentials, the TMMF plant itself has seen the recent implementation of numerous environmental initiatives to minimise waste and lower power and water consumption.
Waste production has been reduced by 34% over the last 10 years, and since 2007, 100% of waste is recycled or recovered.
Through Toyota's continuous improvement activities, the plant has also achieved average savings per car of 27% in energy, 67% in water and 48% in VOC (the volatile organic compounds produced through solvent usage) over the same period.
In 2011, 60% of the plant's total water needs were covered by either rainwater - collected in a specific 6,200 m3 basin, or by recycling used water from production processes at an in-house waste water treatment station.
A 1,020 m2 photovoltaic membrane has been installed on the plant roof, providing half of the electricity needed for the administration building. And the press shop incorporates a 400 m2 solar wall, pre-heating the outside air to save on heating energy and CO2 emissions.
Dispensing with the need for packaging materials, all car components are delivered from suppliers to the plant in 400,000 reusable plastic boxes, reused for over 10 years.
With TMUK already assembling the full hybrid Auris, the start of Yaris Hybrid production at TMMF makes Toyota the only manufacturer to have two full hybrid technology production facilities in Europe, reinforcing the company's commitment to local manufacturing of high technology vehicles.
The plant currently manufactures around 1,000 cars a day, corresponding to one new Yaris driving out of the line every 68 seconds. TMMF expects to produce around 200,000 vehicles in 2012, of which 25% hybrid.

Rabu, 09 Mei 2012

Toyota RAV4 EV

Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. revealed the highly anticipated all-new Toyota RAV4 EV at the 26th annual Electric Vehicle Symposium in Los Angeles. This all-electric SUV has an expected driving range rating of approximately 100 miles and charging time of approximately six hours on a 240V/40A charger. The Toyota RAV4 EV's driving performance, dynamics and cargo capacity are equal to or exceed the gas powered RAV4 V6. Arriving fully-equipped with an MSRP of $49,800 the Toyota RAV4 EV doesn't compromise on performance, comfort or versatility.
"It's all about blending the best of two worlds," said Bob Carter, group vice president and general manager of the Toyota division. "The all-new RAV4 EV marries the efficiency of an EV with the versatility of a small SUV - in fact, it is the only all-electric SUV on the market."
The Toyota RAV4 EV is the product of a unique collaboration with Tesla Motors spurred by Akio Toyoda, president and CEO of Toyota Motor Corporation. Twenty-two months after the project announcement, Toyota and Tesla engineers have succeeded in bringing an outstanding product to market in record time.
The Toyota RAV4 EV combines a Tesla designed and produced battery and electric powertrain with Toyota's most popular SUV model. The collaborative team set its sights on refining the customer experience. From advanced charging options to interior comfort to interactive displays, the vehicle has been designed for customer ease of use and maximum vehicle range.





The front wheel drive Toyota RAV4 EV allows drivers to select from two distinctly different drive modes, Sport and Normal. In Sport mode, the vehicle reaches 0-60 mph in just 7.0 seconds and has a maximum speed of 100 mph. Normal mode achieves 0-60 mph in 8.6 seconds with a maximum speed of 85 mph. Maximum output from the electric powertrain is 154 HP (115kW) @ 2,800 rpm.
Toyota RAV4 EV offers an exceptionally smooth, quiet ride and comfortable handling due in part to its low coefficient of drag and low center of gravity. In fact, at 0.30 Cd, RAV4 EV achieves the lowest coefficient of drag of any SUV in the world. Compared with the gas powered RAV4, Toyota re-styled the front bumper, upper and lower grill, side mirrors, rear spoiler, and under body design to maximize air flow around the vehicle. The RAV4 EV's battery pack is mounted low and to the center of the vehicle, contributing to a more sedan-like ride.
On the exterior, Toyota RAV4 EV features upscale LED low beam projector headlights with halogen projector high beams. A manual leveling system allows customers to redirect the headlights when the vehicle changes significantly in pitch due to a heavy load. Five vertical LEDs make up the daytime running lights, which dim to parking lights. The rear combination lights are LEDs accented by a unique light smoke outer lens. Other exterior variations from the gasoline powered RAV4 include new exterior emblems on the front, rear and the front door panel utilizing the signature Toyota "environmental blue."
The vehicle will be available later this year in three exterior colors: Blizzard White Pearl, Shoreline Blue Pearl and Classic Silver Metallic. The interior features a unique "Neutron" fabric, woven with a subtle sheen and blue accent, on the seat inserts and door trim.
Inside, a six-way adjustable driver's seat includes variable front seat heaters, which extends heater coverage to the occupant's upper back. The split reclining rear seats with folding center arm rest fold flat for increased cargo space, with a total cargo capacity equivalent to the conventional RAV4 of 73 cu. ft. No interior space is lost in the vehicle due to EV components.
The highlight of the interior is an eight-inch capacitive touch screen with a state of the art graphic display, featuring navigation, telematics, and EV drive information and settings designed specifically for the Toyota RAV4 EV. Entune™ is standard (with three year complimentary access to Entune™ services) along with SiriusXM Satellite Radio (with 3-month trial subscription to XM Select package), AM/FM radio, Bluetooth® streaming audio, and USB port with iPod® connectivity. The dash display color illuminates red when the vehicle is operating in sport mode and blue in normal driving mode.
Toyota's approved electric vehicle supplier equipment provider is Leviton. Leviton offers multiple options for charging solutions. For the shortest charge time of approximately six hours, Leviton offers a custom 240V (Level 2), 40A, 9.6 kW output charging station. For more information visit Leviton.com/Toyota. The vehicle comes equipped with a 120V (Level 1) emergency charging cable for instances when the recommended 240V (Level 2) charging is not available.
The Toyota RAV4 EV will go on sale in late summer 2012 through select dealers, initially in four major California metropolitan markets including Sacramento, San Francisco Bay Area, Los Angeles/Orange County and San Diego. Sales volume is planned for approximately 2,600 units over the next three years. The battery warranty is 8 years or 100,000 miles.
"We believe that the RAV4 EV will attract sophisticated early technology adopters, much like the first-generation Prius," said Carter. "It's designed for consumers who prioritize the environment and appreciate performance. We look forward to seeing how the market responds."
In July 2010, Toyota Motor Corporation and Tesla Motors jointly announced an agreement to develop an all-electric version of the RAV4, with the intent to bring the vehicle to market in 2012. Tesla contributed its EV technology expertise, daring spirit, quick decision making and flexibility. Toyota contributed design, engineering, manufacturing and production expertise. In an industry where development cycles are typically five years, Toyota and Tesla brought a dynamic product to market in less than half that time.

Senin, 09 April 2012

Toyota Venza 2013

The Toyota Venza crossover now offers enhanced exterior styling, added value through several new standard convenience features and updated option packages that include the Entune™ multi-media system for 2013 model year.
Toyota Venza's aerodynamic shape has been tastefully modified with a new upper and lower grille, fog lamps and rear taillights. The updated styling is complemented by a new 19-inch wheel design and three new exterior colors: Attitude Black, Cypress Pearl, and Cosmic Gray Mica.
The 2013 Venza is available in LE, XLE and Limited grades. The LE and XLE models are available with all powertrain combinations: four-cylinder, V6, front-wheel drive (FWD) or all-wheel drive (AWD); the Toyota Venza Limited is powered by the V6 engine only, in front-wheel drive or all-wheel drive configurations. Value has been enhanced and ordering simplified with the addition of many standard features in all three grades.
Toyota Venza was developed specifically for the North American market, appealing to customers who prioritize bold, innovative design, a luxurious and refined interior and excellent handling, but they still require roominess and versatility. Venza provides SUV flexibility with its fold-flat rear seats, spacious cargo area, elevated driver sightline, available AWD and up to 3,500-lbs. towing capacity.

The Toyota Venza design was the creation of Toyota's Calty Design studios in Newport Beach, Calif. and Ann Arbor, Mich. Calty designers leaned toward a sleek crossover concept with a wide stance that featured a sporty exterior, but they also included important SUV attributes, such as cargo space, towing capability and available all-wheel drive performance.
The 2013 Toyota Venza offers four-cylinder and V6 models in FWD and AWD versions. Venza's 2.7-liter four-cylinder engine delivers 181 horsepower at 5,800 rpm and 182 lb.-ft. of torque at 4,200 rpm. The four-cylinder Venza is EPA-rated at 21 MPG city/27 MPG highway for the FWD model and 20/25 for the AWD.
The 3.5-liter V6 produces 268 horsepower at 6,200 rpm and 246 lb.-ft. of torque at 4,700 rpm. The V6 FWD model has EPA-estimated fuel economy ratings of 19 MPG city/26 MPG highway and 18/25 for the AWD. Both engines are teamed with a six-speed sequential-shift electronically controlled automatic transmission with intelligence (ECT-i). The six-speed ECT-i provides an engaging driving experience and helps optimize fuel economy. Uphill/downhill shift logic selects the proper gear for driving conditions and helps provide moderate engine braking during downhill driving.
Toyota Venza's Active Torque Control AWD System optimizes torque distribution between the front and rear wheels to help ensure stable acceleration and smooth cornering on all road surfaces. AWD offers enhanced traction and helps provide excellent overall handling in inclement weather.
An available Towing Prep Package on V6 models equips Venza with an engine oil cooler, larger radiator fan and heavy-duty alternator.
Handling and Ride
Toyota Venza was designed with a lower center of gravity than typical SUVs to help provide dynamic handling, which is further enhanced by the large wheels and tires. The four-cylinder models ride on standard 19-inch, 10-spoke aluminum alloy wheels. Distinctive 20-inch five-spoke aluminum alloy wheels are standard for the V6 model. Power-assisted, ventilated front and solid rear disc brakes are standard on all models.
Toyota Venza's body structure relies on high tensile-strength steel, gussets and cross members for its strength, rigidity and optimized weight. Front suspension consists of a rigid L-arm-type MacPherson strut with a stabilizer bar, and the rear suspension is a dual-link MacPherson strut setup with stabilizer bar. Electric power steering (EPS), with its ideally weighted steering effort, contributes to the Venza's spirited driving dynamics. EPS helps provide a more direct steering feel at both high and low speeds and delivers just-right assist when maneuvering the vehicle into tight parking spaces.
Safety
Toyota's STAR Safety System is standard on all Toyota models and features enhanced Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Traction Control (TRAC) Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD), Brake Assist and the Smart Stop Technology (SST).
VSC automatically adjusts engine output and the vehicle's braking force at each wheel to help control loss of traction during cornering. TRAC helps maintain traction during challenging driving conditions. Brake Assist is designed to determine if the driver is attempting emergency braking. If the driver has not stepped firmly enough on the brake pedal to engage ABS, Brake Assist supplements the applied braking power until the driver releases the pedal. Smart Stop offers an additional level of safety by automatically reducing engine power when a vehicle's brake and accelerator pedals are applied simultaneously under certain driving conditions, helping to bring the vehicle to a controlled stop. Hill-start Assist Control (HAC), also standard on all Venza models, temporarily provides pressure to the brakes while the vehicle is stopped on an incline to help ensure easier starting with no rollback.
In addition, Toyota Venza provides seven airbags, including a driver's knee airbag, driver and front-passenger front-seat-mounted side airbags, and front and rear side-curtain airbags. Front seat-belt pretensioners retract the seat belt in a severe frontal collision, while the dual-stage force limiters help limit the seat-belt force applied to the driver's and front passenger's chests.
Driver and front-passenger seats employ active headrests. If the vehicle is struck from the rear, a cable-actuated mechanism will move the headrest upward and forward to help limit movement of the occupant's head.
Comfort and Convenience
Venza's generous utility includes several clever storage locations and lighting. The adjustable center console features a sliding cover and armrest, three iPod®/MP3 player holders with wire concealment features, and a large storage compartment.
The center-console compartment is also equipped with a USB port, auxiliary audio jack and 12-volt power outlet. The upper portion of the center console houses the gearshift lever for easy and comfortable driver reach. An on/off switch on the overhead console enables front-seat occupants to operate all four personal overhead interior lights.
Interior storage is further complemented by a total of 10 front and rear beverage holders (six bottle holders and four cup holders). These include dual-illuminated, sliding front cup-holders in the center console, two in the rear-seat armrest, and front- and back-door bottle holders.
Entune Multi-Media System
The 2013 Venza now offers the Toyota Entune multimedia system. This system leverages the mobile smartphone to provide a richer in-vehicle experience with fully integrated access to navigation, entertainment and information services.
Toyota Entune supports engaging mobile apps, such as Bing, OpenTable, and movietickets.com, along with accessing useful travel-related services, such as live weather, traffic, fuel information (location and price), stocks, and sports. Toyota Entune has a large selection of music options available to a vehicle, including iHeartRadio's 750+ stations, and Pandora's personalized music service.
The audio systems combined with Entune feature a best-in-class, advanced conversational voice recognition system that helps the driver to stay focused by eliminating the need to memorize thousands of voice commands.
An Abundance of Standard Features
The Toyota Venza LE grade comes well equipped with new standard features that include a blind spot mirror and outer mirror turn signals with puddle lamps. Additional key standard features include dual-zone automatic climate control with air filter and second-row-seat vents; eight-way power-adjustable driver's seat with power lumbar; 3.5-inch LCD multi-information display; a tilt/telescopic adjustable steering wheel with integrated audio controls; an overhead console with map lights; rear-seat adjustable personal reading lamps and three 12-volt power outlets.
The LE also comes standard with the Display Audio system, which includes a 6.1-inch touch screen, AM/FM CD player with MP3/WMA playback capability, six speakers, auxiliary audio jack, USB port with iPod® connectivity and control, vehicle information, hands-free phone capability, phone book access and music streaming via Bluetooth® wireless technology.
The available Convenience Package for the Venza LE adds a power liftgate and a rear back-up camera. The Preferred Package adds a panoramic glass roof with front power moonroof and Display Audio with Navigation and Entune.

The Venza XLE provides a major luxury and convenience upgrade to the vehicle and adds standard features such as leather-trimmed seating surfaces, steering wheel and shift knob; four-way power passenger seat; multi-stage heated front seats; driver seat memory; reverse tilt outer mirrors, Display Audio with Navigation and Entune; anti-theft system with alarm and engine immobilizer; Smart Key System with Push Button Start and illuminated entry; power rear liftgate and a back-up camera. Also standard on the XLE is a TFT multi-information display that can be customized to adjust the font size and content, and navigation voice instructions available in Spanish, French or English (XM Traffic is only available in English).
Aside from powertrain choices, the XLE offers one major option the Premium Package, which includes a panoramic glass roof with front power moonroof, and Display Audio with Navigation , Entune and JBL®, that includes 6.1-inch Touch Screen, AM/FM CD Player with MP3/WMA Playback Capability, 13 JBL® Synthesis Speakers including Subwoofer, SiriusXM™ Satellite Radio (Includes three-month trial subscription to XM Select Package), HD Radio™ withiTunes® Tagging, Auxiliary Audio Jack, USB Port with iPod® Connectivity and Control, Vehicle Information, Hands-Free Phone Capability, Phonebook Access, Advanced Voice Recognition, and Music Streaming Via Bluetooth® Wireless Technology.
The V6-only, top-of-line Toyota Venza Limited comes standard with the Premium HDD Navigation with Entune™ and JBL® multimedia system. The system features a seven-inch high resolution touch screen with split-screen capability, AM/FM CD Player with MP3/WMA Playback Capability, 13 JBL® Synthesis™ Speakers including Subwoofer, SiriusXM™ Satellite Radio capability (Includes three-month trial subscription to XM Select Package); HD Radio™ with iTunes® Tagging, Auxiliary Audio Jack, USB Port with iPod® Connectivity and Control, Vehicle Information, Hands-Free Phone Capability, Phonebook Access, Advanced Voice Recognition, and Music Streaming Via Bluetooth® Wireless Technology.
The Venza Limited combines the Premium HDD Navigation with Entune and JBL and the panoramic glass roof with front power moonroof, and it adds high-intensity discharge (HID) headlights with automatic high beams and LED Daytime Running Lights. The high-beam feature detects oncoming vehicles and automatically switches the headlamps from high- to low-beam.
Customers looking for a pet-friendly vehicle will find a wide range of pet utility accessories available at Toyota dealerships. Among the available choices are a rear liftgate pet ramp, booster seat with harness, pet buckles and rear seat zipline-style harnesses, pet carriers and bucket seat, bench seat and hammock style waterproof seat covers.
Exterior Design
The Venza sports an aerodynamic shape with short overhangs, forward A-pillar, crisp character lines, and a low roofline. Continuous brushstroke lines run from the front grille to the D-pillar. A bold front end features a distinctive grille, headlights and fog lamps for a sporty yet refined appearance. Toyota Venza's sophisticated and confident appearance is completed by an angled rear hatch, spoiler and wide wraparound taillights that interconnect with the hatch door. Tight tire-to-body gaps contribute to the sophisticated, refined appearance.
The Venza design is highly practical, with a rear load-in height that is almost as low as that of the Sienna minivan. The generously sized liftgate opening enhances the vehicle's utility. An available power liftgate integrates jam protection that detects obstruction in the door's path and reverses the motor. Venza provides a low step-over height for improved ergonomics, and because the closed doors cover the rocker panels, the driver and passengers are protected from accumulated road-dust while getting into and out of the vehicle.
Interior Design
The Toyota Venza interior is designed to enhance driving enjoyment and offer premium comfort. Venza is available in three interior colors: Ivory, Light Gray, and Black, which is new for 2013. Each color is offered in fabric on LE and leather on XLE and Limited.
The flow of the center console creates a unique "60/60" design that gives both the driver and front passenger the feeling that 60 percent of the space is accessible from their seating position. All grades have a standard Optitron® speedometer and tachometer. The XLE and Limited grades also include a TFT multi-color center instrument panel display. Dual-zone automatic climate system controls are centrally located on the upper console, providing easy access for both the driver and front passenger.
Personal space lends overall comfort to the vehicle's interior with ample head room, shoulder room, hip room and couple distance. Cargo-area utility is enhanced with fold-down 60/40 rear seats, one-touch fold-down seat levers and a tonneau cover.

Sabtu, 10 Maret 2012

Toyota Highlander Hybrid 2012

Model year 2012 marks the seventh year that Toyota Highlander mid-size SUV is available as a hybrid. In 2008, Toyota completely redesigned the Highlander hybrid, so that there is more sophistication and a greater whole, while maintaining the same gas mileage than its predecessor. In 2011, the Highlander Hybrid has received what the auto industry calls a "mid-cycle refresh." The new update front-end design, more standard features and, surprisingly, a new powertrain, lower fuel consumption.
For 2012, the Highlander hybrid no significant changes. However, without competition in its class, the car manufacturer for the continued dominance of the "great families, the hybrids' market ready for love.The gas-electric Highlander has in the past year with a 3.5-liter V-6 engine replaces the 3.3-liter six-cylinder of its predecessor. The dual-overhead cam, Atkinson-cycle engine (a cheaper version of the traditional four-stroke gasoline engine) is at 231 hp. In addition, two electric motors that drive train, one in the front and rear axles to the total power in a very respectable 280th A third electric motor operates only as a starter. The entire system is equipped with a continuously variable transmission that is designed to ensure that the different power management maximizes Highlander hybrid is connected.For even more emphasis on efficiency, equipped Toyota Highlander hybrid comes with both "EV" and "Econ" driving modes. In EV, this hybrid features only on electric power, but only at low speeds and distances of a mile. The more practical "Econ" mode to reduce the throttle so as to promote the fuel consumption. In other words, with which the motor with its full potential. The ideal time to use this function in stop-and-go traffic.
The result of this electronic wizardry with the V-6 combines an EPA fuel economy rating of 28/28 city / highway and 28 combined. This is the best economy of an SUV with seven seats available.


While the Highlander Hybrid is a four-wheeled vehicle, it is not suitable for off-road. The 4-WD system has no mechanical drive shaft from front to back, and no energy transfer gearbox. Instead, it simply requires more torque from the rear electric motor, as conditions require.
Outside
The hybrid model is made from the gasoline model with its own unique grille and bumper design. She shares the fender and the hood with the gas Highlander but features color-keyed side skirts with chrome accents, plus vertically stacked fog lamps. The newly designed headlights and rear lights with blue lens covers.The hybrid version has an inch less ground clearance than the standard four-wheel drive SUV Highlander, so getting in and out more like a minivan. Base models come with 17-inch alloy wheels, while the Limited trim brings 19-inch alloy wheels and a power tailgate.
The Highlander is not a lot of heads, but again, it is not. But it has a strong attraction that is popular with families traveling, weekend trippers, and inveterate city dwellers.
Interior
Interior design is sophisticated and intelligent, is the issue of a comfortable cabin with lots of useful features. Interior materials, as expected, are of high quality.
The big plus interior is standard third row. The wide range divided 50/50, fit so that four people in the vehicle folded half of the second and third locations are long objects. Access to the third row of seats can be easily with a walk-in lever is placed in a suitable location on the floor of the passenger side to reach the second series made.The Toyota Highlander Hybrid offers a beautiful 40/20/40-split second row bench. Adjustable sliding towards the front and rear and the middle portion are removed and stored open at a central aisle. This configuration results in a few seats in the second row captain's with folding armrests, as found in many minivans.

With respect to the loading space SUV offers 10.3 cubic feet of space when the third row is in use, than 42 cubic meters of space behind the second row as the third row of the folded. With all rear seats stowed, the Highlander Hybrid offers a spacious 94 cubic meters of storage space.
The Highlander Hybrid is available in base and Limited trim levels. Base models come with seven-passenger seating, rear air conditioning with automatic climate control, provided a tilt / telescoping steering wheel, eight-way driver's seat. Includes the standard CD audio system, XM radio, MP3/WMA capability, along with iPod connection and Bluetooth wireless technology. There is also a center screen in the dashboard to various pieces of the vehicle information display and the image that you have backup car to give camera. A navigation system is optional.The Limited model adds leather seat interior with a 10-way power driver's seat and four-way power adjustable passenger seat, both heated, electric sunroof and three-zone automatic climate control. DVD entertainment and navigation systems are options.

There is a wealth of electronic active safety features: electronic stability control, traction control and four-wheel drive Anti-lock disc brakes with brake force distribution and brake assist. Occupant safety is provided by seven airbags including dual front, front, side, curtain, and on the knees of the driver available.
On The Road
Both the Highlander hybrid and standard on the basis of his car - or crossover - Midsize SUV in the Toyota Camry-based sedan. Although not exactly duplicate the Camry, the Highlander Hybrid four-wheel independent suspension provides a ride that is remarkably superior to the truck SUVs. Car and Driver had this to say: "Despite the electrical bits, the Hybrid drives much like a conventional Highlander This means a high level of equipment, a comfortable ride, great interior versatility is, good performance, spacious and passengers." The Orlando Sentinel reviewer was impressed: "On the road, the ride is comfortable and quiet, the electric power steering has an above average sense, and while the Highlander is no sports car, the treatment is better than you might expect ..."On the implementation of electric drive for the gasoline engine, Car and Driver says: "The transition between electric and combustion engine power is almost seamless, usually a Glance require the dash-mounted power meter / trip computer, to see what the V is -6 (or not) to do. "Economy
Without prejudice to other reports, the 28 miles per gallon city rating, hands down, the vehicle reward.
The 2012 Toyota Highlander Hybrid has a base price of $ 38,140 for the base model to $ 43,795 for the Limited. That's about $ 3,000 to $ 7,700 more than conventional gas-powered Highlander, depending on model comparison. But for the premium cost of the Highlander offers 10 hp and 11 more miles per gallon in the city and six on the highway. Plus, cleaner exhaust emissions.
A comparison of the popular Highlander, and will soon be discontinued Ford Escape Hybrid, there is a similar difference in price. The Highlander is about $ 5,800 expensive. The main difference in the path of the shear strength, and strength between the two vehicles. The Highlander Hybrid has 280 hp and can win up to £ 3,500, while the Ford Escape hybrid rates to a much less useful, 177 hp, with a towing capacity of only 1,000 pounds. The Escape Hybrid Well, the edge of the Highlander in fuel consumption by about five to 10 percent, depending on the model equations. You need to decide whether the extra mpg and $ 5,800 bonus trump the Toyota name as a market leader in hybrid technology.Compared with its corporate cousin, the Lexus RX 450h, the Highlander is about $ 6,000 less. But that is expected regardless of the fact that the two vehicles of the same hybrid system with almost the same power, same performance and nearly the same fuel consumption. At the end of the Lexus is a real status symbol, and so commands a much higher price. The affordability of the Highlanders has also allowed the buyers money by covering certain features, such as upholstery, stereo and other conveniences are standard features of the Lexus are. Note that the apparent advantage over the Highlander RX450h availability of seven passengers.
Consumers who do not need to seventh place would probably be better served to look at the Ford Escape Hybrid, which offers a fuel economy of 34/31/32. But for eco-minded consumers looking for a practical people-mover, which can charge for something more than the seven most economical car on the market?

Rabu, 07 Maret 2012

Toyota FCV-R Concept

oyota believes that, when it comes to the development of future powertrains to safeguard sustainable mobility, one size definitely does not fit all requirements.
Different powertrain needs and solutions are determined not only by vehicle size and travel distance, but also by regional variations in energy availability, infrastructure and regulations.
As hybrid, plug-in hybrid, electric and fuel cell vehicles replace most of today's conventional cars, electric vehicles will be used for short-distance travel, and fuel cell vehicles for middle- to long-distance journeys.
Reinforcing the company's environmental lead in the drive towards sustainable mobility, Toyota's Hybrid Synergy Drive® technology has been specifically designed to be 'future proof', and is readily adaptable to use in Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles (PHEV), Electric Vehicles (EV) and Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCV).
The Significance of Fuel Cell Technology
Toyota believes that the solutions to energy and emissions issues offered by the Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV) make it the closest technology yet to the ultimate eco-car, with hydrogen as an ideal, ultra-clean energy source.

Producing electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen (stored in the vehicle) and oxygen (from the air), a fuel cell structure comprises electrodes and polyelectrolyte films sandwiched between separators. When hundreds of cells are stacked together, the result is a fuel cell 'stack', known as an FC stack.
Generating zero CO2, NOx or PM and with water vapour the only emission, a fuel cell displays outstanding energy efficiency. In theory, it can convert as much as 83% of hydrogen's energy into electric power. This is about twice the efficiency possible with current generation petrol and diesel engines.
Not only does a hydrogen fuel cell powertrain's extreme efficiency save energy and drive down costs, it also delivers a uniquely quiet, smooth driving experience with the bare minimum of noise, vibration or harshness, while providing a long driving range and a refuelling process as quick as that of conventionally powered vehicles.
Key Challenge: The Hydrogen Infrastructure
Offering future global energy security, hydrogen can be made from a wide variety of raw materials, from petroleum and natural gas to biomass. It can also be produced through the electrolysis of water. Carrying out electrolysis using electricity generated from natural energy sources such as solar, wind or hydro-power enables the production of hydrogen without the commensurate generation of significant CO2 emissions.
Nonetheless, a smooth shift to a hydrogen-based society will be a significant undertaking. Reaching a consensus on from what to make hydrogen, how to deliver it and how to implement a fuelling infrastructure depends on the combined efforts of all sectors of society, including governments.
To that end -and in anticipation of the imminent commercialisation of a number of FCVs - Toyota, amongst other manufacturers, signed a Letter of Understanding in September 2009 calling for oil and energy companies and government organisations to cooperate in the creation of hydrogen infrastructure networks of sufficient density in Europe, Japan, Korea and the United States in 2015.

In Europe, a hydrogen infrastructure has already begun to emerge. It is of sufficient density to allow Toyota to road test and build the profile of hydrogen fuel cells as a viable powertrain.
Toyota's 20 Year History of Fuel Cell Development
Toyota began work on FCVs in 1992, developing its own hydrogen fuel cells and high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks in house. The company applies its own Hybrid Synergy Drive® technology to FCV development, replacing petrol engines with fuel cells, and petrol fuel tanks with high pressure hydrogen tanks. The Toyota FC stack is a performance leader in fuel cell technology.
Toyota demonstrated its first Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) in 1996. Every year since then, the company has improved fuel cell technology and extended its capabilities to increase performance, driving range and commercial viability.
In 2002, Toyota developed the world's first Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle for limited lease, and the first FC bus certified by Japanese government. In the past decade, the company has continued its work on residential fuel cell development, put fuel cell buses on the road and, in 2008, launched the FCHV-adv.
The Toyota FCHV-adv offered a 25% improvement in fuel efficiency and, through the use of Toyota-developed, 70 MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, had a single-fill-up cruising range of approximately 830 km -more than twice that of its predecessor. Furthermore, the Toyota FCHV-adv could operate in -30°C, greatly improving its cold weather performance.
Fuel Cell Technology Development Challenges and Testing
Toyota is already overcoming some of the historical barriers to the creation of marketable fuel cell vehicles. This includes closing in on its goal to offer a driving range comparable to conventional powertrains and performance at temperatures down to -35°C.
Following further fine-tuning and technological development, Toyota will introduce an affordable sedan-type FCV which matches the performance of conventional, combustion engine vehicle in Japan, the U.S. and Europe by 2015.
In addition, Toyota is preparing to be able to supply tens of thousands of vehicles annually in the 2020s, when FCVs are expected to achieve full, mass-market commercialisation. This market growth will be boosted by the further roll out of FCV technology, the increased availability of hydrogen refuelling stations and the reduction in costs which accompanies a maturing technology.
The Toyota FCV-R Concept - Futuristic Styling and Advanced Infotainment
Through the fusion of advanced technology, smart thinking and intelligent packaging, the Toyota FCV-R combines breakthrough innovation with ergonomic practicality and futuristic styling.
Incorporating the Under Priority and Keen Look design elements of the latest Toyota family design, the front and rear styling employs a "W" motif, symbolizing the fuel cell cooling system. This creates a sleek, aerodynamically efficient cabin silhouette and a unique road presence.

Within the clean, crisply detailed interior, the seats are 'robed' in the manner of traditional Japanese costume. A centre console-mounted, twin-screen evolution of Toyota Touch Life -recently launched on Toyota iQ- provides easy access to the main infotainment controls.
The lower, icon-display touch-screen is designed to control the navigation, audio and air conditioning systems. Located within the driver's line of sight to minimise distraction time, the upper screen displays the most relevant driver information, including the navigation map and guidance in 3D.
The system has been designed for easy connection with a smartphone, both replicating phone applications on the vehicle's display screen and relaying vehicle information to the phone.
Much of the smart thinking behind the Toyota FCV-R can be seen in the interior packaging. The vehicle is just 4,745 mm long, 1,510 mm high and 1,790 mm wide. The fuel cell stack is smaller than in previous FCVs, and sits under the seats, along with twin hydrogen tanks.
The combined volume of the hydrogen tanks equips the Toyota FCV-R with a driving range of approximately 700 km whilst generating zero CO2, NOx or PM and with water vapour the only emission. The twin hydrogen tanks and the FC stack are located beneath the vehicle floor, maximising both cabin and luggage space to create an entirely practical family sedan.